Background
Heart failure (HF) is a chronic clinical syndrome involving up to 6.5 million people in Europe. It is the leading cause of hospitalisation in adults, yielding a healthcare cost of 17 billion euro/year. The mortality is comparable/superior to several type of cancers in the EU perspective, reaching 70% at 5-year in the advanced stages of HF. European Society of Cardiology (ESC) recently updated the HF guidelines to incorporate two new drug classes showing a dramatic reduction of hospitalisation and death in large scale randomised clinical trials (RCT) involving patients with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

Mortality